The attachments on a federal solicitation: which one describes the work
What the lettered sections and the attachments of a federal solicitation are, which of them describes the work, what a performance work statement is, and how a commercial products solicitation differs.
Updated
A federal solicitation in the uniform contract format is a set of lettered sections, and the work is described in Section C, the description, specifications or statement of work, which Section B's list of supplies or services and Section J's list of attachments point into. Under FAR 37.602 a performance work statement describes services in terms of the required results, and a statement of objectives leaves the offeror to propose that statement. A commercial products solicitation uses a different format, and either way the solicitation's own list says what each attachment is.
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What are the sections of a federal solicitation?
Many federal solicitations follow one layout, the uniform contract format, which FAR 15.204-1 has contracting officers use for solicitations and the contracts that result. Its Table 15-1 gives the sections by letter. Part I, the Schedule, holds Sections A to H. They are the solicitation or contract form; supplies or services and prices or costs; description, specifications or statement of work; packaging and marking; inspection and acceptance; deliveries or performance; contract administration data; and special contract requirements (FAR 15.204-1).
Part II is Section I, the contract clauses. Part III is Section J, the list of documents, exhibits and other attachments. Part IV holds Section K, the representations, certifications and other statements of offerors, which are the offeror's own; Section L, the instructions, conditions and notices to offerors; and Section M, the evaluation factors for award. A solicitation in this format includes all four parts, and on award Part IV is kept in the contract file rather than printed into the contract (FAR 15.204-1). Sections L and M of a solicitation covers the last two.
Which section describes the work?
Sections B and C, read together. FAR 15.204-2 says Section B holds a brief description of the supplies or services, such as item numbers, stock or part numbers, nouns, nomenclature and quantities, and that it includes incidental deliverables such as manuals and reports. Section C holds any description or specifications needed in addition to Section B, and the rule points to FAR part 11, Describing Agency Needs, for how an agency writes them (FAR 15.204-2).
The sections after them say how the work is delivered and judged. Section D gives packaging and marking requirements. Section E gives inspection, acceptance, quality assurance and reliability requirements. Section F gives the time, place and method of delivery or performance. Section G gives accounting and contract administration data, and Section H any special contract requirements not covered elsewhere. Section I holds the clauses required by law or by the FAR and any other clauses expected in the resulting contract (FAR 15.204-2; FAR 15.204-3).
What is Section J, the list of attachments?
Section J is the index of everything attached. FAR 15.204-4 has the contracting officer list the title, the date and the number of pages of each attached document, exhibit and other attachment, with cross-references to material in other sections where they help (FAR 15.204-4).
So when the description of the work is a separate document rather than text written into Section C, Section J is where that document is listed, by its title, date and page count. The list is how a reader tells a statement of work from a wage determination, a drawing, a form or a past performance questionnaire, each of which can be an attachment too. A document the list names and the package lacks is a question for the contracting officer the solicitation names.
What is a performance work statement, and a statement of objectives?
FAR 2.101 defines a performance work statement, a PWS, as a statement of work for a performance-based acquisition that describes the required results in clear, specific and objective terms with measurable outcomes. A performance-based acquisition is one structured around the results to be achieved rather than the manner in which the work is performed. FAR 37.601 says a solicitation for services may use either a performance work statement or a statement of objectives. A performance-based contract for services includes a PWS, measurable performance standards with the method of assessing performance against them, and performance incentives where appropriate (FAR 2.101; FAR 37.601).
FAR 37.602 says a PWS may be prepared by the Government, or may result from a statement of objectives the Government prepares and the offeror answers by proposing the PWS. Agencies describe the work in terms of the required results rather than how it is to be done or how many hours are to be provided, and they write the statement so that performance can be assessed against measurable standards. A statement of objectives, an SOO, states the overall performance objectives, is used where the Government wants to give each offeror the most room to propose an approach, and does not become part of the contract. At a minimum it includes the purpose, the scope or mission, the period and place of performance, the background, the performance objectives and any operating constraints (FAR 37.602; FAR 2.101).
A solicitation can carry more than one requirements document, and FAR 11.101 gives their order of precedence. Documents mandated by law come first, then performance-oriented documents such as a PWS or an SOO, then detailed design-oriented documents, and then standards and specifications issued outside the Defense and Federal series (FAR 11.101).
What does a commercial products solicitation look like?
Not like the uniform contract format. FAR 12.303 says a solicitation or contract for commercial products or commercial services is assembled, to the maximum extent practicable, from Standard Form 1449 and any continuation of its blocks, such as the line item numbers, the schedule of supplies or services, a remittance address or accounting data. Then come the contract clauses, 52.212-4 by reference with any addendum and 52.212-5, and any contract documents, exhibits or attachments. Last come the solicitation provisions: 52.212-1, Instructions to Offerors, by reference with any addendum; 52.212-2, Evaluation, or another description of the evaluation factors if one is used; and 52.212-3, the offeror's representations and certifications (FAR 12.303).
So on a commercial solicitation the work is described in the form's schedule of supplies or services and in whatever documents are attached, and the instructions and the evaluation factors are provisions, not lettered sections. Contract vehicles: IDIQ, BPA, GWAC and schedules covers the other shape a notice can take, an award of a contract that orders are later placed against.
Where are the attachments on a notice, and what does Firmenza do with them?
A notice on SAM.gov's public list carries links to additional information and attachments, in the fields GSA's document names. FAR 5.102 has the contracting officer make a solicitation available through that point of entry with its specifications, as How to find federal contracts explains. The description and the attachments hold the detail a notice's fields do not.
On a notice's page in Firmenza, Documents shows the link the agency added to the notice, or says that the notice's file has no extra link. On a notice you saved, Get the solicitation from SAM.gov reads the notice's PDF and Word files into the requirements checklist and keeps none of the files. Each file is named by its place in SAM.gov's list, never by its name. Firmenza's rules then list the sentences that read as requirements, with the page and the document each came from, and the AI assistant reads the same text and lists more. Contract opportunities in Firmenza goes through the checklist and its limits.
None of that decides anything. Whether your business can do the work in Section C or a PWS, and whether it meets a requirement, is your own reading of the document and your own statement, and Firmenza does not make it for you.
What can this guide not tell you?
It cannot say what a given solicitation's attachments contain, which of them matter most for a given offer, or whether a business can perform the work: each is in that solicitation's own text, which its Section J or its form lists. It read FAR 15.204-1 to 15.204-4, 37.601, 37.602, 11.101, 12.303 and three definitions in 2.101, and nothing in part 11 beyond its first section, so it describes the sections and not how an agency writes a specification.
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Sources
- Acquisition.gov: FAR 15.204-1, Uniform contract format
- Acquisition.gov: FAR 15.204-2, Part I, The Schedule
- Acquisition.gov: FAR 15.204-3, Part II, Contract Clauses
- Acquisition.gov: FAR 15.204-4, Part III, List of Documents, Exhibits, and Other Attachments
- Acquisition.gov: FAR 2.101, Definitions (performance work statement, statement of objectives)
- Acquisition.gov: FAR 37.601, General (performance-based acquisition)
- Acquisition.gov: FAR 37.602, Performance work statement
- Acquisition.gov: FAR 11.101, Order of precedence for requirements documents
- Acquisition.gov: FAR 12.303, Contract format (commercial products and services)
Read next
- Sections L and M of a solicitation: what they say and how to read them
- How to find federal contracts: where notices are published and what to check before you respond
- IDIQ, BPA, GWAC and schedule contracts: what the vehicle on a SAM.gov notice means, in the FAR's words
- Contract opportunities in Firmenza
- RFP, RFQ and IFB: which federal solicitation is which, and what each asks back
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